Ace 100-160 Certification with 360 Actual Questions
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Cisco 100-160 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 179
Which of the following services or protocols can be used to ensure the security and compliance of an organization's network?
- A. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
- B. DNS (Domain Name System)
- C. NTP (Network Time Protocol)
- D. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
Answer: D
Explanation:
Option 1: NTP is a protocol used to synchronize the clocks of computers in a network. While it is important for maintaining accurate time, it does not directly contribute to network security and compliance. This makes it an incorrect answer.
Option 2: SNMP is a protocol used for managing and monitoring network devices. It allows for centralized monitoring, troubleshooting, and configuration of devices. SNMP can play a crucial role in security and compliance by providing real-time information about network devices and their behaviors. This makes it a correct answer.
Option 3: DHCP is a protocol used to assign IP addresses and network configuration parameters to devices on a network. While DHCP is essential for network connectivity, it does not directly contribute to security and compliance. This makes it an incorrect answer.
Option 4: DNS is a protocol used to translate domain names into IP addresses. While DNS is critical for internet connectivity, it does not directly contribute to security and compliance. This makes it an incorrect answer.
NEW QUESTION # 180
Which of the following is a best practice for managing security policies and procedures?
- A. Implementing a regular review process for security policies
- B. Allowing users to create and manage their own security policies
- C. Not documenting the security policies and procedures
- D. Relying solely on default security settings
Answer: A
Explanation:
Option 1: Correct: Implementing a regular review process for security policies ensures that they are up-to-date and aligned with the organization's current security needs.
Option 2: Incorrect: Relying solely on default security settings is not a best practice as default settings may not provide adequate protection and may not be appropriate for the organization's specific needs.
Option 3: Incorrect: Allowing users to create and manage their own security policies can lead to inconsistencies, lack of control, and potential security vulnerabilities.
Option 4: Incorrect: Not documenting the security policies and procedures makes it difficult to enforce and communicate these policies to employees.
NEW QUESTION # 181
You notice that a new CVE has been shared to an email group that you belong to.
What should you do first with the CVE?
- A. Look up details of the vulnerability to determine whether it applies to your network.
- B. Add the CVE to the firewall rules for your organization.
- C. Research measures to prevent the CVE from attacking the network.
- D. Record the CVE as part of the disaster recovery plan.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The CCST Cybersecurity material describes that the first step after receiving a new CVE notification is to review its details-such as affected systems, severity, and exploitability-to determine if it is relevant to your organization.
"Upon learning of a new CVE, security teams should analyze the vulnerability description, affected products, and CVSS score to determine applicability and urgency of mitigation." (CCST Cybersecurity, Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Management, Vulnerability Prioritization section, Cisco Networking Academy) A is correct: Confirming applicability avoids unnecessary remediation for irrelevant vulnerabilities.
B is done after confirming applicability.
C (disaster recovery plan) is unrelated to immediate CVE handling.
D (adding to firewall rules) is premature without confirming impact.
NEW QUESTION # 182
What does NAT stand for in networking?
- A. Network Access Technology
- B. Network Address Transmission
- C. Network Address Terminal
- D. Network Address Translation
Answer: D
Explanation:
NAT stands for Network Address Translation. It is a process used in networking to translate private IP addresses into public IP addresses, enabling devices with private addresses to communicate with devices on public networks like the internet.
NEW QUESTION # 183
Which of the following is a data protection technique that involves the transformation of data into a format that is unreadable to unauthorized users?
- A. Authentication
- B. Intrusion Detection System
- C. Firewall
- D. Encryption
Answer: D
Explanation:
Option 1: Incorrect. Authentication refers to the process of verifying the identity of a user or system.
Option 2: Correct. Encryption is a data protection technique that transforms data into a format that is unreadable to unauthorized users. It provides confidentiality and ensures that even if the data is intercepted, it cannot be easily understood.
Option 3: Incorrect. A firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Option 4: Incorrect. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a security tool that monitors network traffic for suspicious activity or violations of security policies.
NEW QUESTION # 184
What is the purpose of a firewall in a network security system?
- A. To provide secure remote access to the network
- B. To scan and filter network traffic for potential threats
- C. To encrypt data transmitted over the network
- D. To prevent unauthorized access to or from private networks
Answer: D
Explanation:
Option 1: Correct. A firewall is designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from private networks by monitoring and controlling network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Option 2: Incorrect. While a firewall can scan and filter network traffic for potential threats, this is not its primary purpose.
Option 3: Incorrect. While encryption may be a feature of some firewalls, it is not the primary purpose of a firewall in a network security system.
Option 4: Incorrect. While a secure remote access solution may include a firewall, this is not the primary purpose of a firewall in a network security system.
NEW QUESTION # 185
You need to transfer configuration files to a router across an unsecured network.
Which protocol should you use to encrypt the files in transit?
- A. TFTP
- B. HTTP
- C. SSH
- D. Telnet
Answer: C
Explanation:
The CCST Cybersecurity Study Guide highlights that SSH (Secure Shell) provides encrypted communication for secure remote access and file transfer (using SCP or SFTP) over unsecured networks. This ensures confidentiality and integrity of the files in transit.
"SSH encrypts all data exchanged between client and server, protecting credentials and file contents from interception. It is the preferred protocol for secure device management and file transfers across untrusted networks." (CCST Cybersecurity, Basic Network Security Concepts, Secure Remote Management section, Cisco Networking Academy) A (Telnet) transmits data in plaintext.
B (HTTP) is unencrypted web traffic.
C (TFTP) is a simple, insecure file transfer protocol without encryption.
D is correct: SSH secures configuration file transfers across insecure networks.
NEW QUESTION # 186
Which of the following log file entries is typically associated with a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
- A. "High CPU utilization on server at 15:20:05."
- B. "Spike in network traffic volume at 12:45:10."
- C. "Unusual number of concurrent sessions established at 09:30:00."
- D. "Web server responding slowly to client requests at 14:10:15."
Answer: B
Explanation:
In a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, the attacker overwhelms the target system or network with a massive volume of traffic from multiple sources. This excessive traffic causes the targeted system to become inaccessible to legitimate users. Therefore, a sudden and significant spike in network traffic volume is a typical indicator of a DDoS attack. Additionally, other log entries may also be present, such as increased resource utilization or slow response times, as mentioned in the other options, but the spike in network traffic volume is the most indicative of a DDoS attack.
NEW QUESTION # 187
What is the general motivation behind an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)?
- A. Publicity
- B. Financial gain
- C. Random disruption
- D. Revenge
Answer: B
Explanation:
The general motivation behind an APT is often financial gain. Threat actors conducting APTs aim to gain unauthorized access to valuable information, such as financial data or intellectual property, with the intention of extracting monetary value from their targets.
NEW QUESTION # 188
You are reviewing your company's disaster recovery plan.
Which two daily data backup actions should the plan include? (Choose 2.)
- A. Back up the data to removable media and store it off-site.
- B. Back up each department's data to a separate local server.
- C. Back up the data by using cloud services.
- D. Back up the data by using RAID on a local external hard drive with a secondary power source.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The CCST Cybersecurity Study Guide emphasizes that backups should be stored off-site or in the cloud to ensure recovery even if the primary location is damaged or compromised.
"A comprehensive disaster recovery plan includes performing regular backups and ensuring copies are stored in locations not subject to the same physical risks as the primary site. Off-site storage and cloud-based backups provide resilience against local disasters." (CCST Cybersecurity, Essential Security Principles, Backup and Disaster Recovery section, Cisco Networking Academy) A is correct: Off-site removable media ensures recovery even if the main site is destroyed.
B is incorrect: Local-only backups are vulnerable to the same risks as production systems.
C is correct: Cloud services provide geographically separate storage with automated redundancy.
D is incorrect: RAID is for hardware fault tolerance, not a complete backup solution.
NEW QUESTION # 189
What is smishing?
- A. A form of social engineering attack that uses SMS or text messages to trick victims into revealing sensitive information.
- B. A physical attack where an unauthorized person gains entry to a restricted area by following closely behind an authorized person.
- C. A cyber attack where an attacker manipulates and deceives an individual to reveal sensitive information.
- D. A type of phishing attack that targets specific individuals or organizations.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Smishing, short for SMS phishing, is a social engineering attack that utilizes SMS or text messages to deceive individuals into disclosing sensitive information or performing certain actions. These messages often mimic legitimate sources, such as banks or service providers, and typically contain links or phone numbers that, when accessed or called, lead to malicious activities. Smishing takes advantage of the ubiquity of mobile devices and users' tendency to trust text messages.
NEW QUESTION # 190
Which of the following is a hardware or software-based network security device that monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic and decides whether to allow or block specific traffic based on predefined security rules?
- A. ACL
- B. VPN
- C. Firewall
- D. NAC
Answer: C
Explanation:
A firewall is a hardware or software-based network security device that acts as a barrier between internal and external networks. It monitors network traffic and applies predefined rules to determine whether to allow or block specific traffic. Firewalls are commonly used to protect network infrastructure and prevent unauthorized access by filtering out potentially harmful or suspicious traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 191
What is the primary purpose of a cybersecurity risk assessment?
- A. To identify vulnerabilities in information systems
- B. To determine the likelihood of a cybersecurity incident occurring
- C. To quantify the potential impact of a cybersecurity incident
- D. To prioritize security controls and mitigation strategies
Answer: D
Explanation:
A cybersecurity risk assessment is conducted to identify and assess potential risks to the organization's information systems. This assessment helps in prioritizing security controls and mitigation strategies based on the likelihood and potential impact of each risk. It enables organizations to allocate resources effectively and address the most critical risks first.
NEW QUESTION # 192
What is a social engineering attack?
- A. An attack that manipulates people to obtain sensitive information
- B. An attack that attempts to overload a network with excessive traffic
- C. An attack that targets physical infrastructure
- D. An attack that intercepts wireless network packets
Answer: A
Explanation:
A social engineering attack is a type of attack that manipulates people to obtain sensitive information or perform actions that could compromise security. This could include techniques such as impersonating trustworthy entities, phishing, baiting, or tailgating. Social engineering attacks exploit human psychology and trust to deceive individuals into revealing confidential details or granting unauthorized access. It is important to be aware of such tactics and exercise caution when dealing with requests for sensitive information.
NEW QUESTION # 193
Which of the following tools is commonly used to detect intrusions on a network?
- A. Microsoft Office Suite
- B. Snort
- C. Wireshark
- D. Apache Tomcat
Answer: B
Explanation:
Snort is a widely used tool for network intrusion detection and prevention. It is an open-source network security solution that employs a combination of signature-based and anomaly-based detection techniques. Snort can analyze network traffic in real-time, identify suspicious patterns or behavior, and raise alerts in case of potential intrusions or security breaches.
NEW QUESTION # 194
What does the term "data classification" refer to in the context of cybersecurity?
- A. Protecting data from unauthorized access
- B. Sorting data based on its importance and sensitivity
- C. Encrypting data to ensure confidentiality
- D. Backing up data to prevent data loss
Answer: B
Explanation:
Data classification is the process of categorizing data based on its importance, sensitivity, and the level of protection required. This helps ensure that appropriate security measures are applied to protect different types of data.
NEW QUESTION # 195
What is the purpose of multi-factor authentication?
- A. To prevent unauthorized access by encrypting user credentials
- B. To simplify the login process by only requiring one form of identification
- C. To restrict access to certain users by requiring additional authorization
- D. To provide multiple layers of security by requiring users to provide more than one form of identification
Answer: D
Explanation:
Option 1: Correct. Multi-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to provide more than one form of identification, such as a password and a fingerprint or a security token.
Option 2: Incorrect. Multi-factor authentication does not simplify the login process, but rather adds an additional step to verify the user's identity.
Option 3: Incorrect. While multi-factor authentication can help restrict access to certain users, its main purpose is to provide an extra layer of security rather than additional authorization.
Option 4: Incorrect. While encryption is an important security measure, multi-factor authentication is specifically designed to provide multiple layers of security by requiring multiple forms of identification.
NEW QUESTION # 196
What does Network Access Control (NAC) refer to in cybersecurity?
- A. To monitor network traffic for potential security threats
- B. To filter network traffic based on predefined rules
- C. To encrypt traffic between two networks
- D. To authenticate users before granting them access
Answer: D
Explanation:
Network Access Control (NAC) is a cybersecurity approach that focuses on ensuring that only authorized users and devices are granted access to a network. NAC systems typically involve authentication mechanisms, such as username and password combinations, digital certificates, or biometric authentication, to verify the identity of users before permitting network access. By implementing NAC, organizations can enforce access control policies, prevent unauthorized access, and mitigate security risks.
NEW QUESTION # 197
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